Greek Mythology

Achilles/Akhilleus

Achilles was a Greek hero of great power and skill in hand to hand combat. He was also the master of weaponry, particularly with swords and spears. Achilles was a son of goddess Thetis who tried to make him immortal by dipping him to river Styx or according to other sources by burning out his mortality. His destiny was to become the greatest hero of Trojan war, but also to die there. He was really a great warrior and his moves in combat seemed supernatural. Because of that, he influenced and inspired the rest of his fellow greek warriors. Olympian god Hephaestus made him a complete armour, a shield and a spear on his mother's request. His divine armour included greaves, helm, body armour and gauntlets, which had only enhanced his supposed immortality.
Appearance in the works of art
He is usually depicted as grown man wearing his divine armour, holding a shield and a spear. There are also quite few art works of his childhood, such as training with Chiron and him being dipped into river Styx by his mother Thetis.

Life before the war

Achilles was a son of nymph Thetis, the daughter of sea-god Nereus, and Peleus, the king of Myrmidons. Thetis was also courted by Zeus and Poseidon, before she finally became consort of Peleus. The reason for the gods withdrawing from their pursuit of the goddess was the prophecy of Prometheus who claimed that the child will hold a destiny to be more powerful than his father.achilles in girl's clothing When Achilles was born, Thetis brought him to the river Styx which separated the land of the living and the land of the dead. It was believed that everything it touched the river, became invulnerable. She wanted to make him immortal and therefore she had sunk him into the river, but made one mistake. When she was bathing him in the river, she was holding him by his left ankle which was left dry and because of it, unprotected. When he was reaching boyhood, he was sent by his father Peleus to Mount Pelion to be taught by centaur Chiron. He taught him all about surviving, hunting and warfare. When still at his young age, seer Calchas prophesied that the Greeks would not be able to conquer the city of Troy without the help of Achilles and if he joined the war, he would die. Because of this prophecy, his mother Thetis had no choice, but to protect him from ever entering Troy or nearby area, and consequently early death. She sent him to Scyros, where he was hidden away and disguised as a girl. But his cover was soon blown by Odysseus who placed armour and weapons among girly things. It turned out that Achilles was the only one interested in armour and weapons, and not at all interested in girls clothing. With his cover blown, Achilles agreed to travel to Troy with Odysseus and lead an army of his father's people, the Myrmidons, into battle.

Trojan war

Upon his arrival to Trojan lands, Achilles had quickly proven himself in the battle. Together, the Greeks easily overcame many towns. In one town in particular, the story gets a twist. At the town of Lyrnessos, he took the woman called Briseis as his personal reward. He quickly fell under her charms and showed certain lack of interest in the battle. To make the things even worse, king Agamemnon took Briseis from Achilles, upon losing his price Chryseis to Apollo who demanded from the king to return his priestess.fury of achilles Achilles was furious and refused to fight and because of it the war turned in the Trojan favour. The Greeks unsuccessfully begged him to return to battle, but his best friend Patroclus thought that he had found a solution. He knew that he won't be able to convince him and the troops morale was on the edge and therefore he asked Achilles to borrow him his armour, in order for him to raise the morale of the Greeks in disguise of Achilles and led them into battle. However, Patroclus was killed the next day by Hector who thought that he had slain Achilles and took the body with armour. When Achilles found out of this fact, he became filled with rage and returned to battle in his new armour made by Hephaestus. He revenged his friend by killing Hector, but was still in fury and dragged his body behind his chariot in front of the gates of Troy for everyone to see. Achilles refused to give the body to Trojans and allow them to have a proper funeral. Instead he took the body to his camp and placed it on a stick for everyone to see. That night Priam, the king of Troy, secretly sneaked into camp and begged him for the return of the body. Achilles finally felt piety and showed respect by agreeing to return the body.

Death of Achilles

The war went on and Achilles had slain many opponents including Memnon and the amazon warrior Penthesilea. He continued to fight bravely until Paris, the prince of Troy, guided by Apollo himself, wounded him with an arrow to his heel. The wound seemed to be critical because Achilles died from it. After his death, Odysseus got his divine armour after winning in a competition with Ajax.