Chemistry Revision Guide

Metals and Acids

📝Types of Acids

(These are only the acids we used/told to use as there are lots of acids out there)

Sulphuric Acid

Salt name: Sulphate

Hydrochloric Acid

Salt name: Chloride

Nitric Acid

Salt name: Nitrate

The name of the salt derives from the acid and metal used e.g. copper sulphate, calcium nitrate, etc. 

📝General Equation

The general equation is the following:

An example of this is:

📝Tests for Gases

The squeaky pop test is used to test for hydrogen, the lit splint is used to test for oxygen and lime water is used to test for carbon dioxide.

The squeaky pop test uses a lit splint, you put the lit splint into the test tube/boiling tube/conical flask and a squeaky pop should be heard if the gas being produced is hydrogen.

The lit splint is used to test for oxygen because oxygen is essential for keeping a flame lit. To use this test, the splint should be blown out before being put into the apparatus you are using and if the splint relights, oxygen is being produced.

The lime water test is used to test for carbon dioxide as it goes milky/cloudy when carbon dioxide is passed through it. It can take some time for the lime water to go cloudy but if it does, carbon dioxide is being produced.

📌Main Points

🔅Types of acids: sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid and nitric acid.

🔅Salt names derive from the acid and metal used.

🔅General equation is: Metal + Acid →  Salt + Hydrogen

🔅Three main tests for gases: squeaky pop, lit splint and lime water (hydrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide)