Operators in java
Operator in java is a symbol that is used to perform operations. For example: +, -, *, / etc.
There are many types of operators in java which are given below:
Unary Operator, Arithmetic Operator, shift Operator, Relational Operator, Bitwise Operator, Logical Operator, Ternary Operator and Assignment Operator.Java Operator PrecedenceOperator TypeCategoryPrecedenceUnarypostfixexpr++ expr-- prefix++expr --expr +expr -expr ~ ! Arithmeticmultiplicative* / % additive+ - Shiftshift<< >> >>> Relationalcomparison< > <= >= instanceof equality== != Bitwisebitwise AND& bitwise exclusive OR^ bitwise inclusive OR| Logicallogical AND&& logical OR|| Ternaryternary? : Assignmentassignment= += -= *= /= %= &= ^= |= <<= >>= >>>= Java Unary Operator Example: ++ and --class OperatorExample{ public static void main(String args[]){ int x=10; System.out.println(x++);//10 (11) System.out.println(++x);//12 System.out.println(x--);//12 (11) System.out.println(--x);//10 }}
Output:
10 12 12 10 Java Unary Operator Example 2: ++ and --class OperatorExample{ public static void main(String args[]){ int a=10; int b=10; System.out.println(a++ + ++a);//10+12=22 System.out.println(b++ + b++);//10+11=21
}}
Output:
22 21 Java Unary Operator Example: ~ and !class OperatorExample{ public static void main(String args[]){ int a=10; int b=-10; boolean c=true; boolean d=false; System.out.println(~a);//-11 (minus of total positive value which starts from 0) System.out.println(~b);//9 (positive of total minus, positive starts from 0) System.out.println(!c);//false (opposite of boolean value) System.out.println(!d);//true }}
Output:
-11 9 false true Java Arithmetic Operator Exampleclass OperatorExample{ public static void main(String args[]){ int a=10; int b=5; System.out.println(a+b);//15 System.out.println(a-b);//5 System.out.println(a*b);//50 System.out.println(a/b);//2 System.out.println(a%b);//0 }}
Output:
15 5 50 2 0 Java Arithmetic Operator Example: Expressionclass OperatorExample{ public static void main(String args[]){ System.out.println(10*10/5+3-1*4/2); }}
Output:
21 Java Shift Operator Example: Left Shiftclass OperatorExample{ public static void main(String args[]){ System.out.println(10<<2);//10*2^2=10*4=40 System.out.println(10<<3);//10*2^3=10*8=80 System.out.println(20<<2);//20*2^2=20*4=80 System.out.println(15<<4);//15*2^4=15*16=240 }}
Output:
40 80 80 240 Java Shift Operator Example: Right Shiftclass OperatorExample{ public static void main(String args[]){ System.out.println(10>>2);//10/2^2=10/4=2 System.out.println(20>>2);//20/2^2=20/4=5 System.out.println(20>>3);//20/2^3=20/8=2 }}
Output:
2 5 2 Java Shift Operator Example: >> vs >>>class OperatorExample{ public static void main(String args[]){ //For positive number, >> and >>> works same System.out.println(20>>2); System.out.println(20>>>2); //For negative number, >>> changes parity bit (MSB) to 0 System.out.println(-20>>2); System.out.println(-20>>>2); }}
Output:
5 5 -5 1073741819 Java AND Operator Example: Logical && and Bitwise &
The logical && operator doesn't check second condition if first condition is false. It checks second condition only if first one is true.
The bitwise & operator always checks both conditions whether first condition is true or false.
class OperatorExample{ public static void main(String args[]){ int a=10; int b=5; int c=20; System.out.println(a<b&&a<c);//false && true = false System.out.println(a<b&a<c);//false & true = false }}
Output:
false false Java AND Operator Example: Logical && vs Bitwise &class OperatorExample{ public static void main(String args[]){ int a=10; int b=5; int c=20; System.out.println(a<b&&a++<c);//false && true = false System.out.println(a);//10 because second condition is not checked System.out.println(a<b&a++<c);//false && true = false System.out.println(a);//11 because second condition is checked }}
Output:
false 10 false 11 Java OR Operator Example: Logical || and Bitwise |
The logical || operator doesn't check second condition if first condition is true. It checks second condition only if first one is false.
The bitwise | operator always checks both conditions whether first condition is true or false.
class OperatorExample{ public static void main(String args[]){ int a=10; int b=5; int c=20; System.out.println(a>b||a<c);//true || true = true System.out.println(a>b|a<c);//true | true = true //|| vs | System.out.println(a>b||a++<c);//true || true = true System.out.println(a);//10 because second condition is not checked System.out.println(a>b|a++<c);//true | true = true System.out.println(a);//11 because second condition is checked }}
Output:
true true true 10 true 11 Java Ternary Operator Exampleclass OperatorExample{ public static void main(String args[]){ int a=2; int b=5; int min=(a<b)?a:b; System.out.println(min); }}
Output:
2
Another Example:
class OperatorExample{ public static void main(String args[]){ int a=10; int b=5; int min=(a<b)?a:b; System.out.println(min); }}
Output:
5 Java Assignment Operator Exampleclass OperatorExample{ public static void main(String args[]){ int a=10; int b=20; a+=4;//a=a+4 (a=10+4) b-=4;//b=b-4 (b=20-4) System.out.println(a); System.out.println(b); }}
Output:
14 16 Java Assignment Operator Exampleclass OperatorExample{ public static void main(String[] args){ int a=10; a+=3;//10+3 System.out.println(a); a-=4;//13-4 System.out.println(a); a*=2;//9*2 System.out.println(a); a/=2;//18/2 System.out.println(a); }}
Output:
13 9 18 9 Java Assignment Operator Example: Adding shortclass OperatorExample{ public static void main(String args[]){ short a=10; short b=10; //a+=b;//a=a+b internally so fine a=a+b;//Compile time error because 10+10=20 now int System.out.println(a); }}
Output:
Compile time error
After type cast:
class OperatorExample{ public static void main(String args[]){ short a=10; short b=10; a=(short)(a+b);//20 which is int now converted to short System.out.println(a); }}
Output:
20
