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LEARN KOREAN (한국어) [GRAMMAR] #1

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This is book #1 for the Korean Language series. Try to understand all of the notes in this book before you proceed to the next one. Good luck ! This book contains Korean grammar. Try to understand it so that you can understand how to make a sentence...

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KOREAN PARTICLES (AND): ~과/와, ~랑/이랑 AND ~하고

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by cminji07

by cminji07

~과/와, ~랑/이랑 and ~하고 can all be used interchangeably to mean "and" in Korean.
~과 and ~와 are the same. ~과 is attached to words ending in a consonant, ~와 is attached to words ending in a vowel. Similarly, ~랑 and ~이랑 are the same. ~이랑 is attached to words ending in a consonant, ~랑 is attached to words ending in a vowel. ~하고 can be attached to words ending in a vowel or consonant. These can be added fairly simply to nouns. For example:

우리는 밥과 빵을 팔아요 - We sell rice and bread
나는 사과와 바나나를 샀어 - I bought apples and bananas

The two examples above show ~와/과/랑/이랑/하고 placed between two nouns that together act as the object of the sentence. Notice that although there are two nouns, both of them (together) sort of act as the single object of the sentence.

Other particles can attach to the construction made by using ~와/과/랑/이랑/하고 as well. For example:

나는 인천이랑 서울에 갈 거야 - I will go to Seoul and Incheon
형하고 아버지는 영화를 봤어 - My brother and dad saw a movie
저는 약과 녹차만 샀어요 - I only bought medicine and green tea