What happens to particles of a solid as it is heated? What is needed for a change in state to happen?
What do you think when I say particle? Are solids, liquids and gases all made of particles? Are particles everywhere?
Solids
The particles are close together due to strong forces of attraction.
They have a fixed pattern.
They vibrate in the spot.
They can't be compressed.
Liquids
They can flow, adapting to the shape of the container.
They don't have a regular pattern.
They move around.
They can't be compressed.
Gasses
Weak attraction between the particles.
The particles DO NOT have a regular pattern.
The particles move the fastest of all three states of matter.
The particles CAN be compressed.
What makes a solid a solid, a liquid a liquid, a gas a gas?
The arrangement of particles make them either a solid, a liquid or a gas.
Matter gets bigger (expands) when it gets hotter.
Matter gets smaller (contracts) when it is cooler.
What happens when a substance changes its state?
The speed, the distance, the energy and the attraction between the particles is DIFFERENT during the changes of state.
Boiling point
The minimum temperature needed for a liquid to become gas.
Melting point
The minimum temperature need for a solid to become liquid.
Atoms
The tiniest particle of matter.
Smaller than cells.
Elements
A substance made of only one kind of atom.
Every element has it's own properties.
Can be found as single-atoms or molecules.
Compounds
They are substances made of different elements joined.
Compounds
To separate the elements that make a compound, you should do a chemical reaction.
Mixtures
They are made of substances that are NOT chemically joined.
To separate the substances of a mixture, you do a physical process.
Alloys
Alloys are examples of mixtures made of: Metals + Non-metals (carbon).
Atoms and molecules
There are atoms of certain elements that like to be single: Single atoms.
Others atoms like to be together: Molecules.
