Conclusion

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Six (or eight, if the kings of Oman are counted individually) rulers received letters from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, these letters were invitations to Islam. We can group the rulers into three groups:

Converted to Islam
Al-Najashi of Ethiopia
Munzir of Bahrain
'Abd and Jayfar of Oman
Badhan of Yemen

Did not convert to Islam, but respected the Prophet ﷺ
Heraclius of Byzantine Rome
Cyrus of Alexandria

Did not convert to Islam, with rude attitude towards the Prophet ﷺ
Khosrow II of Persia
Hawzah of Al-Yamamah
Harith of Syria

You might be asking, why did most of the kings not convert to Islam? The answer is simple: worldy desires. They did not wish for their status in this temporary world to be tarnished and ruined if they converted to Islam. So, they didn't convert. May Allah protect us from our worldly desires and not let them control us, Ameen.

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