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Good Manners

Yes or No

Oui (We) - means "Yes"

Non (Noh) - means "No". Pronunciation should sound like naugh in naughty

Thanking someone

Merci (Mare sea) - "Thank you"

Merci beaucoup (Mare sea bow coo) - "Thank you very much". Use this if you want to give emphasis. Pronounce bow just like in bow and arrow.

When asking a favor.

S'il vous plait (Seal vu play) - Translated as "Please". If you notice we have the word vous which means you in formal setting. Literal Translation would be If you please. But in French language, the whole phrase means please.

When asking forgiveness.

Je suis Desole (Zhu Swee Dee sol li) - "I am sorry". Desole alone would mean sorry. pronounce the word lay like lay eggs.

Pardonnez-moi (Par don ne mwah) - "Forgive me" or "Pardon me".  

Je regrette (Zhu regret) - "I regret"

If you thank someone for something, that person may answer either Je vous en prie or de rien.

Je vous en prie (Zhu voo zong pree) - Formal setting for "You're welcome.","Don't mention it.", "That's quite alright." There may be a slight difference of usage, Example: May I close the window? The reply is always Je vous en prie. Sometimes it means "do pray" or "I beg you (to do so)".

De rien (Du ryang) - Informal setting for "You're welcome". The word de has multiple meanings like "to", "from", "with", "at" or most commonly it means "of". The word rien means "nothing". Most probably it would mean, "It's nothing".

When attempting to get someones attention or interrupting.

Excusez-moi (Eks Kyu Ze Mwah) - It's so obvious. It means "Excuse me". Use this for a polite interruption. Example: Excuse me, may I pass?

Pardon - (Pardn) It also means "Excuse me" or "Pardon me". Use this when requesting to repeat something or if you are being ironic. Example 1: Excuse me, I did not hear you.  Example 2: Excuse me! I don't like you. 

Note: Pardon may also mean "forgiveness". Just like the word Pardonnez-moi, which means "Forgive me".