Alright, we primarily focused on predicate nominatives (A=B nouns) previously, so now let's work more on the adjectives.
There are two kinds of adjectives:
い adjectives
な adjectives
い adjectives are adjectives that end in -い, for example:
おいしい - delicious
高い (たかい) - tall
低い (ひくい) - low
Simple enough.
な adjectives, like い adjectives, are adjectives that end in な.
きれいな - pretty/clean
特別な (とくべつな) - special
ハンサムな - handsome
The way these adjectives are conjugated are very different, but relatively easy.
い adjective conjugation:
Statement
チョコはおいしい(です)。
Chocolate is yummy.
This a simple statement. All stays the same.
Negative
チョコはおいしくない(です)。
Chocolate is not yummy
In negative form, you drop the い and replace it with くない.
Past
チョコはおいしかった(です)。
The chocolate was yummy
In past form, drop the い again and replace it with かった.
Past Negative
チョコはおいしくなかった(です)。
The chocolate was not yummy.
In past negative, TWO い's are dropped and replaced: the initial い in おいしい is replaced with くない, and then in くない, we replace い with かった. Boom, past negative.
な adjective conjugation
It is essentially the same as noun conjugation.
Statement
ペンは特別(です)。
The pen is special.
The な only appears when the adjective is in front of the noun.
特別なペン。 // ペンは特別。
Negative
ペンは特別じゃない(です)。
The pen is not special
In negative form, drop the な if there is one, and put in じゃない, just like a noun would.
Past
ペンは特別でした。
The pen was special.
Past Negative
ペンは特別じゃないでした。
The pen was not special.
What if you have more to say about something, and want to tack on more adjectives?
The cat is cute and fluffy.
猫はかわいくて、ふわふわです。
"Cute" drops an い and is replaced with くて, which sort of represents "and." If you haven't noticed by now, Japanese is a very "take-off-glue-on" language, often creating Frankenstein words a mile long. This is very important because you will see it e v e r y w h e r e.
The cat is not cute and not fluffy.
猫はかわいくなくて、ふわふわじゃないです。
Lookin at you Sphinx cat owners...
The cat was cute and fluffy.
猫はかわいくて、ふわふわでした。
Only the last adjective is conjugated for past tense.
The cat was not cute and was not fluffy.
猫はかわいくなー I think you get the point now, yes?
So yeah, adjectives are nice. Use them.
