Shakespearian Language

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art = are

dost = do

doth = does

'ere = before

hast = have

'tis = it is

'twas = it was

wast = were

whence = from where

wherefore = why

hence = from here

oft = often

yea = even

ay = yes

aught = anything

yon, yonder = that one there

would (he were) = I wish (he were)

marry = (a mild swear word)

nay = no

hie = hurry


acknown: aware. [Othello]

adventure my discretion: risk my reputation. [The Tempest]

aery: nest. [Hamlet]

affectioned: affected, one who puts on airs. [Twelfth Night]

affections swayed: passions ruled. [Julius Caesar]

against the hair: or, as we say, "against the grain," a metaphor from brushing the hair of an animal the opposite way to which it lies. [Romeo and Juliet]

agnize: acknowledge. [Othello]

aimed so near: guessed as much. [Romeo and Juliet]

alarum'd: summoned to action. [Macbeth]

alike bewitched: each of them equally enchanted. [Romeo and Juliet]

all exercise: i.e., all their habitual activity. [The Tempest]

ambition: for the Elizabethans the word had the special meaning of unscrupulous pursuit of power. [Julius Caesar]

amerce: punish. [Romeo and Juliet]

Anon, anon: In a moment! [Macbeth]

anters: caves. [Othello]

a patient list: the limits of patience. [Othello]

apparent prodigies: wonders that have appeared. [Julius Caesar]

argal: therefore. [Hamlet]

aroint thee: begone. [King Lear]

arrant: out-and-out. [Hamlet]

arras: tapestry, commonly hung in medieval castles from ceiling to floor for the prevention of drafts. [Hamlet]

as thou list: any way you like. [The Tempest]

asquint: crookedly, falsely. [King Lear]

atomies: miniature beings. [Romeo and Juliet]

augurers: priests who interpreted omens. [Julius Caesar]

auspicious mistress: as a favorable influence. [King Lear]

bastinado: thrashing or cudgeling. [King Henry IV, Part 1]

batten: glut yourself. [Hamlet]

bawbling: small. [Twelfth Night]

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