Historical Background

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The Second Sudanese Civil War was a conflict from 1983 to 2005 between the central Sudanese Government and the Sudan People's Freeing/freedom Army. It was mostly a continuation of the First Sudanese Civil War of 1955 to 1972. Although it started in southern Sudan, the Civil War spread to the Nubia mountains and Blue Nile. It Lasted for 22 years and is one of the longest Civil Wars ever recorded. The war resulted in the independence of South Sudan six years after the war ended. Roughly two million people died as a result of war, widespread death from starvation and disease caused by the conflict. Four million people in southern Sudan were displaced at least once and normally over and over again during the war. The civilian death toll is one of the highest of any war since World War II and was marked by a large number of human rights violations. These include slavery and mass killings.

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