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Imam ash-Shafi'i رحمه الله, said:

"I like a man to be satisfied with one wife, even if he may have more than one."

It is better for a man to be content with one even if he is allowed more, according to the words of the Almighty:

"But if you fear that you will not be just, then [marry only] one or those your right hands possess [i.e., slaves]. That is more suitable that you may not incline [to injustice].".

Surah al-Nisa verse 3

Ibn Dawud رحمه الله, contradicted ash-Shafi'i and said:

"Why did he say that it is better to limit oneself to one? The Prophet ﷺ had many wives at the same time, and he only does what is best.

So he also said ﷺ:

"Marry and multiply."

To this Imam ash Shafi'i replied رحمه الله:

And as for the Prophet ﷺ, he was just and reliable. And as for his words, "Marry and multiply" is a call to marry, not to multiply.

كتاب البيان في مذهب الإمام الشافعي, 11/18

With al-Shafi'i and the majority of the scholars, it is permissible for a free man to have four free wives at the same time, and it is not permissible to have more than four at the same time, and it is advisable not to take more than one, especially at this time.

ميل كتاب المعاني البديعة في معرفة اختلاف أهل الشريعة, 2/195

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